Model Penilaian Kerentanan Jaringan Jalan Terhadap Guncangan Gempa Dan Gangguan Aksesibilitas Pada Wilayah Kepulauan

Abstract

This study aims to design a road network vulnerability assessment model and measure the extent of spatial accessibility degradation due to earthquake shaking in island regions. Seismically prone island regions feature linear topographical characteristics and limited alternative routes, making linear infrastructure damage a major trigger for severe regional isolation. Employing a spatial quantitative approach through the integration of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), HAZUS-FEMA physical vulnerability matrices, and graph theory analysis, this study simulates multiple earthquake scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate an exponential non-linear relationship between increasing earthquake magnitudes, the number of damaged road segments, and the reduction in network topological efficiency. Damage to critical road links triggers surges in emergency travel times and total isolation in specific sub-islands. This assessment model successfully maps the most vital infrastructure segments requiring structural retrofitting priorities, serving as a strategic guide for policymakers in enhancing transportation system resilience in disaster-prone areas.