Pemodelan Perubahan Daya Dukung Fondasi Dangkal Akibat Pembebanan Siklik Pada Tanah Granular Jenuh

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate and model the changes in bearing capacity and settlement patterns of shallow foundations on saturated granular soils subjected to repeated cyclic loading. Structural foundations operating under dynamic loads frequently face the risk of geotechnical failure driven by the accumulation of excess pore water pressure and the degradation of soil shear stiffness, which cannot be adequately accommodated by conventional static analysis methods. Employing a numerical computational approach based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) utilizing the Hardening Soil with Small-Strain Stiffness (HSsmall) constitutive model, a fully coupled hydro-mechanical analysis was conducted to simulate the stress-strain response of the soil. The simulation results indicate that increases in cyclic load amplitude and the number of load cycles progressively trigger the elevation of excess pore water pressure ratios, ultimately leading to a reduction in effective stress and non-linear degradation of foundation bearing capacity. These findings emphasize the critical importance of incorporating cyclic capacity reduction factors into geotechnical design to ensure the long-term safety and resilience of civil infrastructure.