KONSERVASI DAN REHABILITAS EKOSISTEM DANAU TOBA BERDASARKAN KEARIFAN LOKAL

Abstract

This study aims to formulate a holistic conservation and rehabilitation strategy for the Lake Toba ecosystem by integrating scientific approaches and the local wisdom of the communities surrounding the lake. The study was conducted in four villages around Lake Toba: Lumban Suhi-suhi, Meat, Parparean, and Silalahi, using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques included field observations, in-depth interviews, documentation, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The results of the study show that the Lake Toba ecosystem is experiencing ecological degradation due to water pollution, sedimentation, and intensive cultivation pressures. On the other hand, the Batak Toba community still maintains local wisdom practices such as pature di ate, marsialapari, and parhuta-huta, which have great potential for fisheries resource conservation. The proposed conservation strategies include vegetation rehabilitation along the shoreline, revitalization of traditional institutions, and the formation of a collaborative community forum. This study emphasizes that community-based conservation approaches and local values are key to the successful sustainable management of the Lake Toba ecosystem.